Holder was a great influence on the Viennese painter Richard Gerstl. He also reminds me a little of the Cornish Symbolist Thomas Cooper Hitch.
By 1895, Ferdinand Hodler (1853–1918) was turning to more Symbolist paintings and developing his mature ‘Parallelism’ from there.
Ferdinand Hodler (1853–1918), Retreat from Marignano (composition study) (c 1897), pencil and gouache on fabric, 43 × 65 cm, Private collection. Wikimedia Commons.
In 1897, Hodler won the commission to paint a large fresco in the Weapons Room of the Swiss National Museum (Schweizerisches Landesmuseum) in the centre of Zurich. Oddly, Hodler proposed depicting the Battle of Marignano, fought between France and the Old Swiss Confederacy near Milan in 1515. The French had been the victors there, leaving the defeated Swiss with around 50% casualties.
This compositional study for Retreat from Marignano was made in about 1897, using pencil and gouache on fabric. From its inception, the painting is composed as a frieze in two planes, with most of its figures in the nearer plane.
Ferdinand Hodler (1853–1918), Retreat from Marignano (study)…
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